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Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle Case Postale 51 61, rue Buffon 75231 PARIS cedex 05 cbnbp@mnhn.fr
Plante vivace plutôt robuste à tige dressée. Feuilles alternes palmatiséquées à lobes étroits, dont les pétioles se raccourcissent sur les feuilles supérieures. L’inflorescence est une longue grappe à nombreuses fleurs et dont l’axe porte des poils crépus ou est parfois glabre. Les grandes fleurs bleu-violet ont 5 sépales pétaloïdes dont le supérieur est en une forme de « casque » à contour dorsal subtriangulaire à subtrapézoïdal et recouvre 2 petits pétales réduits à des nectaires. Les étamines sont nombreuses et l’ovaire a 3 carpelles donne 3 follicules à la fructification. C’est une plante de Corse.
Détermination
Simple.
Espèces proches
Pour les espèces proches, voir fiche Aconitum napellus. A. napellus subsp. corsicum est la seule sous-espèce de A. napellus présente en Corse, les autres sont continentales. Elles se distinguent surtout par la forme du sépale en casque subtriangulaire à subtrapézoïdal chez subsp. corsicum, et à contour semicirculaire chez les autres.
Période d’observation
Floraison entre juillet et août.
Biologie - éthologie
Espèce géophyte à souche tubéreuse appartenant à la grande famille des Ranunculaceae, aux espèces morphologiquement très diversifiées. Aconitum napellus compte 5 sous-espèces en France : subsp. burnatii, subsp. corsicum, subsp. lusitanicum, subsp. napellus et subsp. vulgare. Aconitum napellus est une espèce hermaphrodite, entomogame et barochore.
Biogéographie et écologie
Sous-espèce endémique de Corse.
Aconitum napellus subsp. corsicum apprécie les mégaphorbiaies hygrophiles montagnardes (1000-1700m) sur sol acide.
Sources Tison J.-M., De Foucault B. (coords). 2014. Flora gallica - Flore de France, Ed. Biotope (Mèze), 1196p.
The map presents a summary at the 10 x 10 km grid of the observation data for the species transmitted to the SINP. These data have been subjected to validation filters.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Current distribution in metropolitan France
The map presents a reference distribution layer of the species at the scale of departments and marine sectors. The presence and absence data were established by expertise within a network of partners. This reference distribution is used in the validation process of the SINP data at the INPN level.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Certain presence
Corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years (20 years for little-known invertebrates) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population. For migratory species, the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction.
Probable presence
This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
search of species incomplete but presence of supportive environments;
ecology of the species consistent with the hypothesis of his presence;
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [vertebrates, invertebrates and plants well studied (rhopalocera, grasshoppers, dragonflies ...)] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [poorly known taxa: fungus, many invertebrates...].
Probable or certain absence
This point covers the absence, more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence. This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
intensive but unsuccessful targeted research;
lack of adequate environments;
unobserved species while its presence is easily detected;
unlikely presence for historical or biogeographical reasons.
This status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual.
Absence due to a proven extinction
Particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago (older disappearances are treated as "no probable or definite").
No information
In the state of knowledge, we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department. This is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt.