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Hémicryptophyte (plante vivace) à rhizome traçant émettant de nombreuses racines ainsi que des touffes de feuilles assez minces et un peu molles. Ces dernières, de couleur vert clair, ont un pétiole couvert de poils glanduleux et un limbe arrondi (jusqu'à 3-7 cm de large), cordé à la base, faiblement denté sur les bords, doté de poils glanduleux persistants de 1 mm. Les hampes florales portent de 3 à 5 fleurs assez longuement pédicellées et réunies en ombelle dotées de petites bractées à la base. Le calice est constitué de cinq sépales courts, velus, ovales lancéolés et marqués de trois nervures. La corolle, longue de 1 à 15 mm, est caractérisée par 5 pétales de couleur bleu-violet découpés au moins jusqu'aux deux tiers de leur longueur, ce qui leur confère un aspect frangé. Les fruits sont des capsules allongées, dépassant la longueur du calice.
Détermination
Assez simple.
Espèces proches
La Soldanelle velue est proche de sa cousine, la Soldanelle alpine (Soldanella alpina L.), dont elle se distingue par sa plus grande taille, sa pilosité ainsi que son écologie.
Période d'observation
Cette espèce printanière fleurit en avril et mai.
Biologie-éthologie
La Soldanelle velue est une plante des parois siliceuses suintantes, que l'on peut trouver à 200-500 m d'altitude en moyenne, dans des ravins ombragés et humides, sur des rochers mouillés à proximité des cascades et des sources, ou sur les bordures suintantes des landes tourbeuses près des ruisselets. C'est une plante de substrats légèrement acides à basiques.
Biogéographie et écologie
Espèce ouest-pyrénéenne très rare, uniquement présente dans le Pays basque d'où elle est endémique.
Sources Tison, J.-M., De Foucault, B. (coords). 2014. Flora Gallica - Flore complète de la France. Biotope Éditions, Mèze : xx + 1196 p.
The map presents a summary at the 10 x 10 km grid of the observation data for the species transmitted to the SINP. These data have been subjected to validation filters.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Current distribution in metropolitan France
The map presents a reference distribution layer of the species at the scale of departments and marine sectors. The presence and absence data were established by expertise within a network of partners. This reference distribution is used in the validation process of the SINP data at the INPN level.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Certain presence
Corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years (20 years for little-known invertebrates) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population. For migratory species, the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction.
Probable presence
This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
search of species incomplete but presence of supportive environments;
ecology of the species consistent with the hypothesis of his presence;
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [vertebrates, invertebrates and plants well studied (rhopalocera, grasshoppers, dragonflies ...)] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [poorly known taxa: fungus, many invertebrates...].
Probable or certain absence
This point covers the absence, more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence. This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
intensive but unsuccessful targeted research;
lack of adequate environments;
unobserved species while its presence is easily detected;
unlikely presence for historical or biogeographical reasons.
This status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual.
Absence due to a proven extinction
Particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago (older disappearances are treated as "no probable or definite").
No information
In the state of knowledge, we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department. This is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt.