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Rhyacia simulans (Hufnagel, 1766)
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Author : P. Haffner
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Patrick HAFFNER Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - Service du Patrimoine Naturel 36 rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire CP 41 75 231 PARIS CEDEX 05 e-mail : inpn@mnhn.fr
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Le dessus des ailes antérieures est brun-jaunâtre à brun sombre avec des lignes transversales post-basale et post-discale doubles, dentées et généralement incomplètes ; l'orbiculaire est cerclée de noir contrairement à la réniforme pour laquelle seul un liseré noir sur le côté interne est présent. Recto des ailes postérieures uniformément brun avec les nervures légèrement plus sombres.
Détermination :
L'adulte est assez difficile à identifier.
Espèces proches :
En France métropolitaine, l'espèce peut être confondue avec Epipsilia latens (Agrotide farouche) sans un œil averti.
Période d'observation :
Les adultes sont présents de juin à septembre.
Biologie-éthologie :
La Noctuelle pyrophile a 1 génération par an avec une diapause estivale. L'adulte est actif de nuit. Polyphage, la chenille se développe sur différentes plantes basses comme Rumex spp., Taraxacum officinale, etc. ainsi que sur des Gramineae.
Biogéographique et écologie :
Eurasiatique, son aire de répartition s'étire des pays Nord-Africains à travers toute l'Europe, la Turquie, le Caucase au Sud Sibérien. En Europe, elle est absente de l'extrême nord de la Scandinavie et de la Russie et des franges méditerranéennes. L'espèce est observée dans de nombreux milieux ouverts comme des pelouses thermophiles, des landes, etc., et des boisements clairs. Elle est présente de l'étage collinéen à subalpin, jusqu'à environ 2000 mètres d'altitude dans les Alpes.
D'après :
Fibiger M., 1993. Noctuidae Europaeae, Noctuinae II. Entomological Press Soro, Danemark, volume 2, 230 pp.
The map presents a summary at the 10 x 10 km grid of the observation data for the species transmitted to the SINP. These data have been subjected to validation filters.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Current distribution in metropolitan France
The map presents a reference distribution layer of the species at the scale of departments and marine sectors. The presence and absence data were established by expertise within a network of partners. This reference distribution is used in the validation process of the SINP data at the INPN level.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Certain presence
Corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years (20 years for little-known invertebrates) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population. For migratory species, the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction.
Probable presence
This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
search of species incomplete but presence of supportive environments;
ecology of the species consistent with the hypothesis of his presence;
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [vertebrates, invertebrates and plants well studied (rhopalocera, grasshoppers, dragonflies ...)] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [poorly known taxa: fungus, many invertebrates...].
Probable or certain absence
This point covers the absence, more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence. This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
intensive but unsuccessful targeted research;
lack of adequate environments;
unobserved species while its presence is easily detected;
unlikely presence for historical or biogeographical reasons.
This status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual.
Absence due to a proven extinction
Particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago (older disappearances are treated as "no probable or definite").
No information
In the state of knowledge, we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department. This is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt.
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