Thank you for your contribution to the improvement of the INPN. The information submitted has been sent to an expert for verification and correction.
To get the picture, please visit:
Philippe GOURDAIN Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - Service du Patrimoine Naturel 36 rue Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 75 231 PARIS CEDEX 05 email : inpn@mnhn.fr
Despite the Creative Commons license, please inform the author of the use which will be made of his photo
Caprimulgus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758
4.3/5 (6 votes)
Author : J. LAIGNEL
Thank you for your contribution to the improvement of the INPN. The information submitted has been sent to an expert for verification and correction.
To get the picture, please visit: Julien Laignel Chargé de mission SNB - SPN/MNHN 4, avenue du Petit Château 91800 BRUNOY Tel.: 06.10.68.23.36 Mail: julien.laignel@9online.fr
Despite the Creative Commons license, please inform the author of the use which will be made of his photo
Oiseau élancé à tête large et aplatie, petit bec noir, pattes sombres très courtes, ailes fines et pointues, longue queue. La teinte générale de l'oiseau est terne, nuancée de brun, gris et beige jaunâtre, couleurs dont l'assemblage permet une homochromie parfaite entre l'espèce et le sol ou l'écorce d'une branche. Le chant de cette espèce nocturne est le critère d'identification dans notre pays. Il consiste en un ronronnement sourd portant jusqu'à cinq cents mètres et rappelant un bruit de cyclomoteur.
Détermination :
Simple. Facile sur photo ou enregistrement.
Période d'observation :
Mi-avril à septembre.
Biologie-éthologie :
Avant qu'ils puissent voler, les jeunes ne peuvent compter que sur leur mimétisme avec le milieu et leur immobilité pour échapper aux prédateurs. Les parents les nourrissent essentiellement de papillons nocturnes capturés au vol (pyrales, géométrides, noctuelles), mais également de coléoptères (longicornes, cérambycidés), de tipules et de fourmis ailées.
Biogéographie et écologie :
En période de reproduction, l'aire de la sous-espèce nominale, Caprimulgus europaeus europaeus s'étend sur l'ensemble de l'Europe, y compris le sud des pays nordiques. Au sud du continent, la sous-espèce Caprimulgus europaeus meridionalis occupe notamment les îles (dont la Corse) et péninsules méditerranéennes. Le territoire de l'Engoulevent est un espace semi ouvert, semi boisé, avec des zones buissonnantes et des parties de sol nu. Cette espèce nichant au sol a besoin d'un substrat sec, sablonneux ou pierreux, qui se réchauffe facilement le jour. L'engoulevent s'installe dans les dunes stabilisées en cours de boisement, les friches, les landes et les coupes forestières.
Compilé par J. Comolet-Tirman à partir des Cahiers d’habitats.(UMS 2006 Patrimoine Naturel (AFB / CNRS / MNHN)),2017
The map presents a summary at the 10 x 10 km grid of the observation data for the species transmitted to the SINP. These data have been subjected to validation filters.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Current distribution in metropolitan France
The map presents a reference distribution layer of the species at the scale of departments and marine sectors. The presence and absence data were established by expertise within a network of partners. This reference distribution is used in the validation process of the SINP data at the INPN level.
Distribution map from the Atlas of Departmental Biodiversity and Marine Sectors program
Certain presence
Corresponds to a report on the basis of at least one observation proved within a period of 10 years (20 years for little-known invertebrates) preceding the year and no presumption of extinction since obtaining the last data nor doubt on reproductive and implemented nature of this population. For migratory species, the presence indicated concerns areas of reproduction.
Probable presence
This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
search of species incomplete but presence of supportive environments;
ecology of the species consistent with the hypothesis of his presence;
the last reliable sighting is older than 10 years compared to the reference date, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [vertebrates, invertebrates and plants well studied (rhopalocera, grasshoppers, dragonflies ...)] ;
the last reliable observation being older than 20 years, no recent specific research and no presumption of extinction from that date [poorly known taxa: fungus, many invertebrates...].
Probable or certain absence
This point covers the absence, more difficult by nature to demonstrate than presence. This status is based on one or more of the following criteria:
intensive but unsuccessful targeted research;
lack of adequate environments;
unobserved species while its presence is easily detected;
unlikely presence for historical or biogeographical reasons.
This status must be assigned to a department in which the presence of the species is casual.
Absence due to a proven extinction
Particular case of absence due to a proven extinction less than a half century ago (older disappearances are treated as "no probable or definite").
No information
In the state of knowledge, we can not comment on the presence or absence in the current department. This is the default status when not comprised in one of the previous categories or whenever there is doubt.
French Version
