91D0 - Tourbières boisées (Habitats d'intérêt communautaire (HIC))

91D0 - Tourbières boisées

Bog woodland

91B0 - Frênaies thermophiles à Fraxinus angustifolia

91E0 - Forêts alluviales à Alnus glutinosa et Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)

Liste hiérarchisée et descriptifs des Habitats d'Intérêt Communautaire (HIC) de la directive "Habitats-Faune-Flore"

Définition EUR 28

Coniferous and broad-leaved forests on a humid to wet peaty substrate, with the water level permanently high and even higher than the surrounding water table. The water is always very poor in nutrients (raised bogs and acid fens). These communities are generally dominated by Betula pubescens, Frangula alnus, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus rotundata and Picea abies, with species specific to bogland or, more generally, to oligotrophic environments, such as Vaccinium spp., Sphagnum spp., Carex spp. [Vaccinio-Piceetea: Piceo-Vaccinienion uliginosi (Betulion pubescentis, Ledo-Pinion) i.a.]. In the Boreal region, also spruce swamp woods, which are minerotrophic mire sites along margins of different mire complexes, as well as in separate strips in valleys and along brooks.
Sub-types :
44.A1 - Sphagnum birch woods
44.A2 - Scots pine mire woods
44.A3 - Mountain pine bog woods
44.A4 - Mire spruce woods

Espèces caractéristiques

Plants: Agrostis canina, Betula pubescens, B. carpatica, Carex canescens, C. echinata, C. nigra, C. rostrata, Eriophorum vaginatum, Frangula alnus, Juncus acutiflorus, Molinia caerulea, Trientalis europaea, Picea abies, Pinus rotundata, P. sylvestris, P. mugo, Sphagnum spp., Vaccinium oxycoccus, V. uliginosum, Viola palustris; in spruce swamp woods also: Carex disperma, C. tenuiflora, Diplazium sibiricum, Hylocomium umbratum and Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus.

Correspondances avec la classification du Paléarctique

44.A1 to 44.A4

Correspondances avec d'autres classifications

United Kingdom classification : ‘W4 Betula pubescens-Molinia caerulea woodland'.
German classification: ‘430101 Birken-Moorwald', ‘440104 Latschen-Moorwald', ‘440101 Fichten-Moorwald', ‘440103 Spirken-Moorwald', ‘440102 Waldkiefern-Moorwald'. Nordic classification: ‘311 Skogsmossevegetation', ‘321 Skogs-och krattkärrvegetation'.
Romanian classification: "R3106 Tufărişuri sud-est Carpatice de jneapăn (Pinus Mugo) în mlaştini oligotrofe de Sphagnum", " R4412 Raristi sud-est carpatice de molid (Picea abies) si/sau pin silvestru (Pinus sylvestris) de tinoave", " R4414 Tufărişuri sud-est carpatice de mlaştini de mesteacăn pufos (Betula pubescens)".

Remarques

Forests on the edge of upland bogs or transition mires may form a transition towards swamp forests (Alnetea glutinosa, Alno-Ulmion pp.). Where bog woodland has colonized former non-woodland bog because of human impacts (bog degradation), the bog woodland may be removed in order to restore favourable conservation status of the former bog (types 7110, 7130 and 7140). Such secondary bog woodland is included in the definition of type 91D0, but generally has lower conservation priority than restoration of the original bog type.

Bibliography

Conseil de l'Union européenne, 2013. Directive 2013/17/UE du Conseil du 13 mai 2013 portant adaptation de certaines directives dans le domaine de l'environnement, du fait de l'adhésion de la République de Croatie. Annexes. Partie B Protection de la nature. Journal officiel de l'Union européenne, L 158 du 10/06/2013, p. : 195-203. (Source)

European Commission, 2013. Interpretation manual of European Union habitats. EUR 28. European Commission, DG Environment, 144 p. (Source)

Dierssen, B. et Dierssen, K. (1982). Kiefernreiche Phytocoenosen oligotropher Moore im mittleren und nordwestlichen Europa. Überlegungen zur Problematik ihrer Zuordnung zu höheren syn systematischen Einheiten. In:Dierschke, H. (ed.) Struktur und Dynamic von Wäldern. Ber. Intern. Symp. IVV 1982, pp. 299-331.