34.2 - Heavy metal grasslands

Classification des habitats du Paléarctique (2001)

Description

Dry, short grasslands, often rich in lichens and mosses, colonizing western and central European soils with a high content in heavy metals such as zinc and lead, and comprising uniquely adapted species, ecotypes or populations mostly related to, or derived from, otherwise montane, boreomontane or steppic species; heavy metal grasslands of distinctly alpine affinities, though spanning an altitudinal range that extends from the montane level and lowland dealpine stations to the subalpine and alpine levels, are included.

Correspondances phytosociologiques

Violetea calaminariae: Violetalia calaminariae: Thlaspion calaminaris, Armerion halleri, Galio anisophylli-Minuartion vernae

Bibliography

Devillers P., Devillers-Terschuren J. & Vander Linden C., 2001. PHYSIS Palaearctic Habitat Classification Database. Updated to 10 December 2001. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles. (Source)

Lebrun & al., 1949; Ellenberg, 1963, 1988; Lambinon and Auquier, 1964; Auquier, 1964; Ernst, 1965; Maquinoy & al., 1972; Westhoff and den Held, 1975; Richards and Swan, 1976; Schumacher, 1977; Noirfalise & al., 1980; Sipkes, 1980; Duvigneaud, 1982d; Noirfalise and Dethioux, 1982; Drachenfels & al., 1984; Matuszkiewicz, 1984; Duvigneaud, 1985; Bradshaw, 1985; Oberdorfer, 1990; Pott, 1992: 263-265; Julve, 1993: 48; Romao, 1996: 66.