13.23 - Complex estuaries, firths

Classification des habitats du Paléarctique (2001)

Description

Composite river- and sea-dominated estuarine systems, including estuaries of macrotidal shorelines, subjected to tide-currents, devoid of protective littoral bars, and often accompanied by very developed tidal flats.

Bibliography

Devillers P., Devillers-Terschuren J. & Vander Linden C., 2001. PHYSIS Palaearctic Habitat Classification Database. Updated to 10 December 2001. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles. (Source)

Ketchum, 1983; Dijkema & al., 1984; Summerfield, 1991: 331-339; Einarsson, 1994; Gudmundsson and Kjartansson, 1996.