2. Données et outils
  3. Rechercher un habitat
  4. 8310 - Grottes non exploitées par le tourisme
  5. Description
8310 - Grottes non exploitées par le tourisme

Caves not open to the public

8330 - Grottes marines submergées ou semi-submergées

Liste hiérarchisée et descriptifs des Habitats d'Intérêt Communautaire (HIC) de la directive "Habitats-Faune-Flore"

Définition EUR 28

Caves not open to the public, including their water bodies and streams, hosting specialised or high endemic species, or that are of paramount importance for the conservation of Annex II species (e.g. bats, amphibians).

Espèces caractéristiques

Plants: mosses only (e.g. Schistostega pennata) and algal carpets at the entry of caves.
Animals: Very specialised and highly endemic cavernicolous fauna. It includes underground relic forms of a fauna which has been diversified outside. This fauna is mainly composed of invertebrates which exclusively live in caves and underground waters. The cavernicolous terrestrial invertebrates are mainly coleoptera, belonging to the Bathysciinae and Trechinae families in particular, which are carnivorous and have a very limited distribution. Cavernicolous aquatic invertebrates constitute a highly endemic fauna, dominated by crustaceans (Isopoda, Amphipoda, Syncarida, Copepoda) and include many living fossils. Aquatic molluscs, belonging to the Hydrobiidae family are also found. With regard to vertebrates, caves constitute hibernation sites for most European bat species, among which many are threatened (see Annex II). Several species can live together in the same cave.
Caves also shelter some very rare amphibious species like #Proteus anguinus and several species of the #Speleomantes genus.

Correspondances avec la classification du Paléarctique

65

Correspondances avec d'autres classifications

German classification: ‘3101 natürliche Höhlen und Balmen', ‘310201 Balme (Halbhöhle) bzw. Eingangsbereich mit Tageslichteinfluß', ‘310202 natürliche Höhle (Bereiche ohne Tageslichteifluß).

Bibliographie

 Conseil de l'Union européenne, 2013. Directive 2013/17/UE du Conseil du 13 mai 2013 portant adaptation de certaines directives dans le domaine de l'environnement, du fait de l'adhésion de la République de Croatie. Annexes. Partie B Protection de la nature. Journal officiel de l'Union européenne, L 158 du 10/06/2013, p. : 195-203. (Source)

 European Commission, 2013. Interpretation manual of European Union habitats. EUR 28. European Commission, DG Environment, 144 p. (Source)

De Broyer C. Vers la conservation intégrée des habitats souterrains. Naturopa, nouvelles de l'environnement n° 94-5. Conseil de l'Europe, 1-4.