7110 - Tourbières hautes actives (Habitats d'intérêt communautaire (HIC))

7110 - Tourbières hautes actives

Active raised bogs

7120 - Tourbières hautes dégradées encore susceptibles de régénération naturelle

Liste hiérarchisée et descriptifs des Habitats d'Intérêt Communautaire (HIC) de la directive "Habitats-Faune-Flore"

Définition EUR 28

Acid bogs, ombrotrophic, poor in mineral nutrients, sustained mainly by rainwater, with a water level generally higher than the surrounding water table, with perennial vegetation dominated by colourful Sphagna hummocks allowing for the growth of the bog (Erico-Sphagnetalia magellanici, Scheuchzerietalia palustris p., Utricularietalia intermedio-minoris p., Caricetalia fuscae p.).
The term ‘active’ must be taken to mean still supporting a significant area of vegetation that is normally peat forming, but bogs where active peat formation is temporarily at a standstill, such as after a fire or during a natural climatic cycle e.g., a period of drought, are also included.

Espèces caractéristiques

Plants: Erico-Sphagnetalia magellanici- Andromeda polifolia, Carex pauciflora, Cladonia spp., Drosera rotundifolia, Eriophorum vaginatum, Odontoschisma sphagni, Sphagnum magellanicum, S. imbricatum, S. fuscum, Vaccinium oxycoccos; in the Boreal region also Betula nana, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Calluna vulgaris, Ledum palustre and Sphagnum angustifolium. Scheuchzerietalia palustris p., Utricularietalia intermedio-minoris p., Caricetalia fuscae p.- Carex
fusca, C. limosa, Drosera anglica, D. intermedia, Eriophorum gracile, Rhynchospora alba, R. fusca, Scheuchzeria palustris, Utricularia intermedia, U. minor, U. ochroleuca; in the Boreal region also Sphagnum balticum and S. majus.
Animals: Dragonflies- Leucorrhinia dubia, Aeshna subartica, A. caerulea, A. juncea, Somatochlora arctica, S. alpestris; Butterflies- Colias palaeno, Boloria aquilonaris, Coenonympha tullia, Vacciniina optilete, Hypenodes turfosalis, Eugraphe subrosea; Spiders- Pardosa sphagnicola, Glyphesis cottonae; Ants- Formica transkaucassia; Cricket/Grasshopper- Metrioptera brachyptera, Stethophyma grossum.

Correspondances avec la classification du Paléarctique

51.1

Correspondances avec d'autres classifications

United Kingdom classification: ‘M1 Sphagnum auriculatum bog pool community', ‘M3 Eriophorum angustifolium bog pool community', ‘M18 Erica tetralix-Sphagum papillosum raised and blanket mire', ‘M20a Eriophorum vaginatum blanket and mixed mire - species poor sub community'.
German classification: ‘360101 Hochmoor der planaren bis submontanen Stufe', ‘360102 Hochmoor der montanen bis hochmontanen Stufe'.
Nordic classification: ‘312 Ristuvvegetation', ‘313 Fastmattevegetation', ‘314 Mjukmatte-och lösbottenvegetation' and ‘311 Skogmossvegetation' when comprising a part of the mire complexe.

Remarques

In order to support the conservation of this ecosystem over its geographic range and its genetic diversity, marginal areas of lower quality as a result of damage or degradation which abut active raised bogs may need to be included, protected and, where practicable, regenerated. There are very few intact or near-intact raised bogs in Europe, except in Finland and Sweden where active raised bogs are the predominant mire complex type in hemiboreal and southern boreal regions.

Bibliographie

Conseil de l'Union européenne, 2013. Directive 2013/17/UE du Conseil du 13 mai 2013 portant adaptation de certaines directives dans le domaine de l'environnement, du fait de l'adhésion de la République de Croatie. Annexes. Partie B Protection de la nature. Journal officiel de l'Union européenne, L 158 du 10/06/2013, p. : 195-203. (Source)

European Commission, 2013. Interpretation manual of European Union habitats. EUR 28. European Commission, DG Environment, 144 p. (Source)

Curtis, J.R. (in press). The raised bogs of Ireland: their ecology, status and conservation. Government Publications, Dublin.

Eurola, S., Hicks, S. et Kaakinen, E. (1984). Key to Finnish Mire Types.

Moore, J.J. (1968). A classification of the bogs and wet heaths of northern Europe (Oxycocco-Sphagnetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1943). In: Pflanzensoziologische Systematik. Bericht über das internationale Symposium in Stolzenau/Weser 1964 der Internationale Vereinigung für Vegetationskunde (R.Tuxen, Ed.). Junk, Den Haag. 306 - 320.

Nature Conservation Council (1989). Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSI's. Nature Conservation Council , Peterborough.

Oswald, H. (1923). Die Vegetation des Hochmoores Komosse. Sv. Växtsociol. Sällsk. Handl. 1:1- 436.

Schouten, M.C.G. (1984). Some aspects of the ecogeographical gradient in Irish ombrotrophic bogs. Peat Congress, Dublin. 1: 414 - 432.

Tuxen, R., Miyawaki, A. et Fujiwara, K. (1972). Eine erweiterte Gliederung der Oxycocco-Sphagnetea. In: Grundfragen und Methoden in der Pflanzensoziologie. (R.Tuxen, Ed.). Junk, Den Haag. 500 - 520.